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Trigonometric Ratios

Welcome to the Trigonometric Ratios chapter. Here we explore the fundamental relationships between the angles and side lengths of right-angled triangles.


Topics

  • Introduction & Right Triangle Geometry


    Learn what trigonometry means and how to identify the Hypotenuse, Opposite, and Adjacent sides of a right triangle.

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Introduction & Right Triangle Geometry

Origin of the Name

The word Trigonometry comes from three simple Greek words:

  • tri — meaning three
  • gon — meaning sides
  • metron — meaning measure

Together, trigonometry means measuring the three sides and angles of a triangle.


Parts of a Right-Angled Triangle

In a right-angled triangle, one angle measures exactly \(90^\circ\). We classify the three sides based on a chosen reference angle:

  • Hypotenuse: The longest side of the triangle, located directly opposite the \(90^\circ\) right angle. It stays in the same position regardless of which acute angle you pick.
  • Opposite Side: The side directly across from your chosen reference angle.
  • Adjacent Side: The side next to your chosen reference angle (the side that forms the angle along with the hypotenuse).